What is the recommended angle of the prophy angle towards the tooth surface?

The recommended angle of the prophy angle towards the tooth surface is perpendicular. Using a prophy angle at a perpendicular alignment allows for effective removal of plaque and stains while minimizing the risk of damaging the tooth enamel or gingival tissue. This angle ensures that the polishing cup can adequately contact the surface of the tooth, allowing the abrasive material to work efficiently without applying excessive pressure or causing discomfort.

In contrast, holding the angle at a 45-degree angle may not provide optimal contact with the tooth surface, potentially leaving some areas unpolished. Flared outward positions would reduce the effectiveness of the polishing cup and may lead to uneven polishing. A flat position against the tooth could lead to increased pressure on a single point, risking damage to the enamel and discomfort for the patient. Thus, maintaining a perpendicular angle is critical for both effective cleaning and patient safety.