What type of stains are removed by polishing from the teeth?

Polishing primarily removes extrinsic stains from the teeth. Extrinsic stains are those that occur on the surface of the enamel due to external factors such as food, beverages, tobacco use, and poor oral hygiene practices. These stains typically affect the outer layer of the tooth and can be effectively eliminated by mechanical means such as polishing with a dental prophylactic paste.

The polishing process involves using an abrasive material that gently scrubs away the surface stains, restoring the natural appearance of the teeth. This is why extrinsic stains are the primary focus during a coronal polishing procedure, as they can be alleviated through adequate polishing techniques.

Intrinsic stains, on the other hand, originate from within the tooth structure itself and are not removable through polishing. These may arise from factors like certain medications, dental trauma, or developmental issues. While cosmetic stains are often used interchangeably with extrinsic stains, they are a broader category and can include things that may not be removed simply by polishing. Structural stains refer to conditions affecting the integrity of the tooth structure and require more advanced treatment options, as they are not superficial. Thus, extrinsic stains are specifically suited for removal through polishing techniques employed during dental procedures.